FOOD HISTORY TIMELINE
1865 to 1869 - Next
1865 A horse meat banquet is held at the Grand Hotel in Paris.
1865 Cornell University was chartered. Cornell is an agricultural land grant university endowed by Ezra Cornell, one of the founders of Western Union Telegraph Co. Today, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, offers many programs, including Agricultural and Life Sciences, Hotel Administration, and Nutritional Sciences.
1865 Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Jane Cochran) was born. In 1889 Bly successfully completed an attempt to beat the record of Jules Verne's fictional Phileas Fogg to go 'Around the World in Eighty Days'. Bly was a U.S. newspaper reporter and completed the journey in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds.
1865 Edmund Ruffin died. He was a pioneer in the study of soil chemistry in the U.S.
1865 Isabella Beeton died. A famous Victorian home economist, author of 'Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management.' The book, popularly known as 'Mrs Beeton's Cookbook,' contained a compilation of over 900 recipes and advice on all aspects of running a middle class household.
1865 William Sheppard of New York City received a patent for liquid soap.
1865 Prosper Montagne was born.Montagne was one of the great French chefs of all time. He is mainly remembered as the creator of Larousse Gastronomique (1938), a comprehensive encyclopedia of French gastronomy.
1865 James H. Mason received the first U.S. patent for a coffee percolator.
1865-1870 The sharecropping system in the South replaced the old slave plantation system.
1866 Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer.
1866 Eighteen year old Jack Newton Daniel established his distillery in Tennessee.
1866 The indelible pencil is patented by Edson P. Clark of Northhampton, Massachusetts. This was the equivalent of the ball point pen of the time. It was non-erasable, and you didn’t need an ink well. Used for bills, prices, etc., you could also place a damp sheet of tissue paper over the writing to get a mirror image. It must have been time consuming to get a receipt from a restaurant.
1866 Beatrix Potter was born. English author of children's books, her first and most famous story is 'The Tale of Peter Rabbit,' originally written as an illustrated letter to a sick child.
1866 The metric system was authorized to standardize weights and measures in the U.S. (Authorized, yes, but we still don't use it very much).
1866 J. Osterhoudt patented the first tin can with a key opener.
1866 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was completed. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city.
1866 Gregor (Johann) Mendel published his work on the laws of heredity. Mendel was an Austrian botanist whose work was the foundation of the science of genetics. He worked mainly with garden peas (some 28,000 plants over 7 years).
1867 Patrons of Husbandry, later known as the National Grange, was organized by USDA employee. This was the first general farmers organization to permit women equality of membership and privilege.
1867 On July 18, 36 inches of rain fell in 36 hours at Sauk Center, Minnesota.
1867 The Kansas Pacific Railroad reached Abilene, Kansas. Cattle drives from Texas begin.
1867 Lillian D. Wald was born. She was a scientist and nurse, and among her activities, she helped initiate the enactment of pure food laws in the U.S.
1867 Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge died. A German chemist who developed a method for obtaining sugar from beet juice.
1867 The 2 mile long, 5 foot diameter Chicago Lake Tunnel was activated. It was the first water supply tunnel for a U.S. city.
1867 At the Cafe Anglais Chef Adolphe Duglere served the famous 'Dinner of the Three Emperors,' for Tsar Alexander II of Russia, his son (later to become tsar Alexander III) and King William I of Prussia. The table service used for the dinner is still on display at the oldest existing restaurant in Paris, La Tour d'Argent.
1867 Barbed wire was patented by Lucien B Smith of Kent, Ohio
1867 Reinforced concrete was patented by F. Joseph Monier. He was a Paris gardener, and developed reinforced concrete to use in garden tubs, beams and posts.
1867 Harvard School of Dental Medicine was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first dental school in the U.S.
1867 Charles Francis Jenkins was born. An inventor who is best known as an early television pioneer. Among his many inventions was a cone-shaped drinking cup.
1867 Maximilian Bircher-Benner was born. He was a Swiss doctor who developed the cereal product 'Muesli,' which is similar to Granola.
1867 Leon Daudet was born. French journalist and novelist, well known gastronome of his time.
1867 J.B. Sutherland patented the refrigerated railroad car.
1867 Joseph C. Gayetty of New York City supposedly invented toilet paper in 1857.
1868 William Davis, a Detroit, Michigan fish dealer, received a patent for a refrigerator car ('ice box on wheels'). He also designed the first refrigerated railway car.
1868 Charles Darwin's 'Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication.' was published.
1868 C.H. Gould of Birminghom, England patented a stapler. (Countless staplers have been patented).
1868 Kit Carson, American frontiersman, died. His last words were supposedly "Wish I had time for just one more bowl of chili."
1868 The first railroad dining car, was introduced by the Pullman Palace Car Company.
1868 Christopher Nathan Sholes of Wisconsin patented a mechanical writing machine, called a type-writer. It was as large as a desk, made of black walnut and had black and white keys. He signed a deal with the Remington Arms company for its manufacture in 1873. It was Remington who turned it into a more practical machine. Chefs could now type their recipes so others could read them. (Only Doctors have more illegible handwriting than Chefs).
1869 A golden spike was driven at Promontory Summit, Utah, joining the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads, officially completing the U.S. Transcontinental Railroad.
1869 The transcontinental railroad is officially completed. People in New York can now eat California fruit.
1869 U.S. agricultural exports were about $182 million a year during the 1860s.
1869 The first batch of Tabasco Sauce was shipped from Avery Island, Louisiana.
1869 The removable steel plow blade is invented by James Oliver.
1869 John Wesley Hyatt patented celluloid, the first synthetic plastic.
1869 David Grandison Fairchild was born. An American botanist and agriculturalist, he was responsible for introducing many useful plants to the U.S. Author of 'The World Was My Garden,' and 'Exploring for Plants'.
1869 The first American patent for a sweeping machine was issued to Ives W. McGaffney of Chicago.
1869 Charles Elmer Hires sells his first root beer, in Philadelphia.
1869 Frozen food was shipped long distance for the first time. Frozen Texas beef shipped by steamship to New Orleans.
1869 Joseph Dixon died. An American inventor and manufacturer. Among his many accomplishments, he produced the first pencil made in the U.S.
1869 Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa died. Agoston Haraszthy de Mokcsa imported 1,400 varieties of grapevines to California in 1862 and planted the first large vineyard in California in the Sonoma Valley. After the devastating phylloxera blight decimated the European vineyards, some of these same vines, now on resistant American root stock, helped rescue the European vineyards.
1869 Henry Tibbe invented the corncob pipe. The pipe was made from a white kernel corn that was used to make taco and tortilla flour. (But can you roll a cigar with a taco wrapper?)
1869 Hippolyte Mege Mouries patented margarine. Emperor Napoleon III had offered a prize for a suitable substitute for butter, for use by the French Navy.
1869 Cornelius Swarthout received the first U.S. patent for a waffle Iron.
1869 Mary Mallon was born. 'Typhoid Mary' was an infamous household cook who was responsible for major outbreaks of typhoid in the New York City area in 1904, 1907, and 1914. She was immune to typhoid herself, but was a carrier of the bacillus, and spread it wherever she worked as a household cook.
1869 The Suez Canal opened, linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea.
1869 The 3 masted clipper ship 'Cutty Sark' was launched at Dunbarton, Scotland. It was one of the last to be built and is the only one surviving today. It is 212 feet long and 36 feet wide. It was initially used in the English/Chinese tea trade. Fully restored in 1957, it is in dry berth in Greenwich, London as a sailing museum.
1869 William Finley Semple patented the first chewing gum, although he never commercially manufactured any gum.
1869 Joseph Campbell, a fruit merchant, and Abram Anderson , an icbox maker got together to can tomatoes, vegetables, fruit preserves, etc. This was the beginning of the Campbell Soup Company.
1869 Beer was first sold in bottles by English brewer Francis Manning-Needham.
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