FOOD HISTORY TIMELINE
1800 to 18051800 The U.S. population is 5,308,483.
1800 Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton died. French naturalist, he was a pioneer in several fields including plant physiology. He conducted many agricultural experiments and introduced Merino sheep to France. First director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris. 1800 The first soup kitchens in London were opened to serve the poor. 1800 Chicken Marengo was supposedly created by Napoleon's Swiss chef to commemorate the occasion of Napoleon's victory over the Austrians in the Battle of Marengo on this day. 1800 Felix Archimede Pouchet was born. A French naturalist, he was one of those who believed that life was created from nonliving matter in processes such as fermentation and putrification. Those flies and maggots, fungi, yeast and bacteria just appeared from nowhere. (He was wrong.) 1800 Catherine Esther Beecher was born (died May 12, 1878). American educator and author of 'Miss Beecher's Domestic Receipt Book' (1841). This was the first cookbook written by and for an American audience. (Catherine Beecher Biography) 1800 Charles Goodyear was born. He invented the process named 'vulcanization' which made the commercial use of rubber possible. Vulcanized rubber didn't become brittle in winter and turn gummy in summer as natural rubber did. 1800 Jean Avice was an excellent pastry cook of the early 19th century. He was patissier with the famous M.Bailly in Paris, and was also appointed chef to Talleyrand. Careme was trained by Avice, who later called Avice the 'master of choux pastry.' Avice is said in some stories to have been the creator of the Madeleine, a small, rich, shell-shaped cake, when he had the idea of baking pound-cake mixture in aspic molds. However, most authorities believe the madeleine is much older than that. 1801 The Massachusetts town of Cheshire pressed a 1235 pound cheese ball and shipped it to be presented to newly elected president Thomas Jefferson at the White House. 1801 Gail Borden born. Inventor of process for making condensed milk, and founder of New York Condensed Milk Co. (later renamed Borden Co). 1801 John Cadbury was born. Founder of Cadbury Chocolate Company. 1801 Alexander Hamilton founded the New-York Evening Post newspaper, the oldest continuously published Daily newspaper in the U.S. 1802 Lydia Maria Francis Child was born. An American abolitionist and author of novels and children’s books. She also wrote books of advice for women including 'The Frugal Housewife' (1829). 1802 Alexandre Dumas was born. French author (The Three Musketeers, etc.) he was also well known as a gourmet. He also wrote 'Grande Dictionnaire de la cuisine,' which he finished a few weeks before his death in 1870, and which was published in 1872. 1803 The U.S. Senate ratified the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, for the purchase of the western half of the Mississippi River basin from France for $15 million, (about 4 cents an acre) doubling the size of the country. (see also Dec 20, 1803). 1803 Ohio becomes 17th state. The Buckeye State. 1803 The Louisiana Purchase was completed and the U.S. acquired 828,000 square miles of territory from France. The Louisiana territory included all or part of 15 U.S. states. A formal ceremony was held in 1804. 1803 Justus von Liebig was born (died 1873). German chemist who made major contributions to organic and agricultural chemistry. Developed Liebig Extract of Beef, a concentrated liquid meat extract. 1803 Samuel Augustus Maverick was born (died 1870). An American cattleman and politician. He didn't brand his cattle, and his name is the source of the term 'maverick' referring to an unbranded animals. 1803 Moses Coates of Downington, Pennsylvania received a patent for a 'Machine for Paring Apples'
1803 John Hawkins & Richard French patent a Reaping Machine. 1803 John Gorrie Born. Pioneer in mechanical refrigeration. He was granted the first U.S. patent for mechanical refrigeration in 1851. 1803 Arthur Guinnesss died Jan 23 (born Sept 28, 1725?). Irish brewer, founder of the Guinness brewery. 1803 Sir Joseph Paxton was born. Paxton was an English landscape gardener, and hothouse designer. He was the architect of the Crystal Palace at the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London. 1804 A formal ceremony was held in St. Louis transferring ownership of the territory included in the Louisiana Purchase Treaty (April 30, 1803) from France to the U.S. 1804 John Deere was born. Inventor and manufacturer, he developed the first steel plow in 1838, and eventually founded John Deere & Company in 1868. (The company also made some of the most detailed toy versions of their equipment). 1804 John Wedgwood, the son of Josiah Wedgwood of pottery fame, founded the Royal Horticultural Society. 1804 The Lewis and Clark Expedition departed Camp Dubois (Camp Wood) Illinois, beginning their voyage to the Pacific Coast. 1805 The Battle of Trafalgar. Admiral Horatio Nelson's defeat of the combined French and Spanish Navies established Britain as the dominant world naval power for a century. Nelson was killed in the battle and his body was preserved in a cask of Rum (or Brandy) for shipment back to England. 1805 Jesse Chisholm was born (died March 4, 1868). A frontier trader, Chisholm blazed one of the West’s most famous cattle trails (The Chisholm Trail) between Texas and Kansas. 1805 Supposedly, Johann George Lehner, a German butcher from Frankfurt living in Vienna, Austria, created a beef and pork sausage. Called 'Frankfurter' in Austria and elsewhere 'Wiener' (also known as 'Wiener-Frankfurter' and Wienerwurst). In America it's usually called a 'Hot Dog.' 1805 Charles Elme Francatelli was born (died 1876). Italian chef - cheif cook to Queen Victoria. Author of 'The Modern Cook' (1845), ‘A Plain Cookery Book for the Working Classes' (1852). 1805 Adolphe Duglere was born. A pupil of Careme, head chef of the Rothschild family, and head chef of the famous 19th century Paris restaurant, the Cafe Anglais. 1805 Pernod Fils company is founded in Pontarlier, France by Henri-Louis Pernod. 1805 The Lewis and Clark Expedition sighted the Pacific Ocean for the first time. 1805 American explorer Zebulon Pike celebrated Christmas by allowing 'two pounds extra of meat, two pounds extra of flour, one gill of whiskey, and some tobacco, to each man, in order to distinguish Christmas Day.'
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